Making paper look like handmade parchment adds a great extra touch to calligraphy projects, stage plays, and film projects. The process does not require any specialized materials. It can be done using everyday items that can be found in your kitchen. Here, you will learn how to make your own parchment projects at home in no time at all.
Stuff needed
Plain paper
Tea bags
Hot water
Large bowl or roasting pan
Paper towels
A lit candle or a lighter
An Iron
Step 1
Heat some water and pour it in to the bowl or roasting pan.
Step 2
Insert the tea bags and let them brew until the tea reaches the desired concentration. The average brewing time ranges from 5 to 10 minutes.
Step 3
Crumple your sheet of paper up and then open it back up. Be careful not to tear it as you open it.
Step 4
Lay the sheet in the tea and let it sit for 1-2 minutes.
Step 5
Remove the paper and set it on the paper towels to dry. Once the paper is dry, you can decide whether you want to soak it further to darken it. You can also dip the edges of the paper into the tea to get the edges darker than the center.
Step 6
Take the dry sheet and hold the edges over a candle or lighter to lightly singe the edges. The objective is to darken the edges and create small indentations that give the paper more of a handmade parchment appearance.
Step 7
Carefully iron the paper out to smooth it out in preparation for your writing. Use a low heat setting to avoid burning the paper or steaming it with the iron. Once this is complete, you are now free to write on the paper.
Tips:
Always use care when working with hot water and open flames.
Because of the amount of tea used, it is a good idea to dye as many sheets of paper as you need in one use instead of making a new batch of tea for each project.
Sunday, July 22, 2012
How to extract a broken shell casing
A broken shell casing is something no firearm enthusiast wants to see. It can occur due to an improperly made casing, wear due to excessive reloading of a casing, a backfire or a variety of other similar malfunctions in a firearm. When an instance occurs, the extractor arm on the bolt pulls the rim of the casing off, leaving the remainder of the casing lodged in the chamber. Here you will find some methods for removing the casing.
Stuff needed
Broken shell extractor
Gun cleaning kit
Section 1
Shell extractor
Step 1
Remove any remaining ammunition from the firearm. Never attempt to work on a loaded firearm. Doing so can result in serious injury or death, as well as potential damage to the firearm.
Step 2
Lay the weapon on it's side with the ejection port facing upward and lock the bolt to the rear.
Step 3
Insert the broken shell extractor tool into the chamber and close the bolt, ensuring that the shell extractor arm properly attaches to the lip of the tool.
Step 4
Pull the bolt handle or charging handle to the rear to eject both the extractor tool and the casing. If the casing does not eject with the tool, repeat the process until the casing is successfully extracted. If the casing does not eject after repeated attempts, or if you do not have a broken shell extractor tool, proceed to the next section.
Section 2
Gun Cleaning Kit
Step 1
Begin by following both step 1 and step 2 listed in section 1.
Step 2
Assemble the corresponding cleaning rod for your specific caliber of firearm and attach the wire bore brush to the end of the cleaning rod.
Step 3
Insert the cleaning rod in the end of the barrel and carefully push the rod towards the chamber. You should be able to feel when the brush comes in contact with the broken casing.
Step 4
Push the rod forward until the casing is freed from the chamber. Once the casing is free, reach in and remove the damaged casing or turn the weapon over so that the casing falls out.
Step 5
Clean the firearm to remove any remaining debris from the chamber and surrounding areas.
Tips
If the casing still fails to eject, you may want to consider bringing the firearm to a licensed gunsmith
Stuff needed
Broken shell extractor
Gun cleaning kit
Section 1
Shell extractor
Step 1
Remove any remaining ammunition from the firearm. Never attempt to work on a loaded firearm. Doing so can result in serious injury or death, as well as potential damage to the firearm.
Step 2
Lay the weapon on it's side with the ejection port facing upward and lock the bolt to the rear.
Step 3
Insert the broken shell extractor tool into the chamber and close the bolt, ensuring that the shell extractor arm properly attaches to the lip of the tool.
Step 4
Pull the bolt handle or charging handle to the rear to eject both the extractor tool and the casing. If the casing does not eject with the tool, repeat the process until the casing is successfully extracted. If the casing does not eject after repeated attempts, or if you do not have a broken shell extractor tool, proceed to the next section.
Section 2
Gun Cleaning Kit
Step 1
Begin by following both step 1 and step 2 listed in section 1.
Step 2
Assemble the corresponding cleaning rod for your specific caliber of firearm and attach the wire bore brush to the end of the cleaning rod.
Step 3
Insert the cleaning rod in the end of the barrel and carefully push the rod towards the chamber. You should be able to feel when the brush comes in contact with the broken casing.
Step 4
Push the rod forward until the casing is freed from the chamber. Once the casing is free, reach in and remove the damaged casing or turn the weapon over so that the casing falls out.
Step 5
Clean the firearm to remove any remaining debris from the chamber and surrounding areas.
Tips
If the casing still fails to eject, you may want to consider bringing the firearm to a licensed gunsmith
How to remove the caulk tube from a caulking gun
Caulking is one of those projects where it is not always necessary to use the entire cartridge in order to complete your project. The remaining caulk tends to stay in the caulking gun until it is needed again. This being the case, one may go quite some time before needing to use the caulking gun again. Once the need arises, a caulk that is different from the one in the gun may be necessary. In order to use the new caulk, the old cartridge must be removed from the gun. Here you will learn how to do that.
Stuff needed
work gloves
rags
Step 1
Place a cap on the end of the existing caulking cartridge or insert an object such as a nail into the opening to prevent any remaining caulk from leaking out during the removal.
Step 2
Press the release lever on the back of the caulking gun and pull the plunger back to remove it from the cartridge. The release lever is usually a small lever located just above the pistol grip of the caulking gun. The plunger can be identified by the L-shaped metal bar sticking out of the back of the gun.
Step 3
Lift the cartridge out of the gun once the plunger is fully retracted. Wipe down any residue present on the gun before loading a new cartridge. This will ensure that the new cartridge fits in properly and will make removal easier.
Stuff needed
work gloves
rags
Step 1
Place a cap on the end of the existing caulking cartridge or insert an object such as a nail into the opening to prevent any remaining caulk from leaking out during the removal.
Step 2
Press the release lever on the back of the caulking gun and pull the plunger back to remove it from the cartridge. The release lever is usually a small lever located just above the pistol grip of the caulking gun. The plunger can be identified by the L-shaped metal bar sticking out of the back of the gun.
Step 3
Lift the cartridge out of the gun once the plunger is fully retracted. Wipe down any residue present on the gun before loading a new cartridge. This will ensure that the new cartridge fits in properly and will make removal easier.
How to load a Swingline Model 101 Staple Gun
The Swingline model 101 staple gun is a versatile staple gun that is ideal for use in the home, office, or workshop. It offers convenient features such as an easy-squeeze handle, a safety lock, and drop-in loading capability. The model 101 is discontinued, but due to it's steel construction, it is still in use by a wide range of people. Here you will learn how to load and unload the Swingline Model 101.
Stuff needed
Swingline Model 101 Staple Gun
Swingline No. 101 light-duty staples
Step 1
Hold the staple gun upright and look at the back of the gun. There is a small U-shaped piece of metal located near the bottom of the back of the staple gun.
Step 2
Press the U-shaped piece of metal in, pull it slightly downward and pull the feed rod assembly out of the staple gun.
Step 3
Insert the strip of staples, points facing downward, into the open chamber.
Step 4
Return the Feed rod assembly to the chamber and push it all the way in. Once it is completely in the stapler, push the feed rod assembly slightly upward to lock the feed rod assembly in place. You are now ready to use the staple gun.
Stuff needed
Swingline Model 101 Staple Gun
Swingline No. 101 light-duty staples
Step 1
Hold the staple gun upright and look at the back of the gun. There is a small U-shaped piece of metal located near the bottom of the back of the staple gun.
Step 2
Press the U-shaped piece of metal in, pull it slightly downward and pull the feed rod assembly out of the staple gun.
Step 3
Insert the strip of staples, points facing downward, into the open chamber.
Step 4
Return the Feed rod assembly to the chamber and push it all the way in. Once it is completely in the stapler, push the feed rod assembly slightly upward to lock the feed rod assembly in place. You are now ready to use the staple gun.
How to transfer photos from an SD card
The SD card has become the standard removable media device for digital cameras, video cameras, and a wide range of cell phones. It has made it possible to take digital photos and transfer them from device to device with relative ease. Of course, in order to facilitate that transfer, the proper equipment is necessary. In this brief tutorial, you will find out how to get your photos from your SD card to your computer so you can crop, edit, upload, or print them for yourself.
Stuff needed
Computer
SD card reader
Optional:
Printer
Photo editing software
Step 1
Remove the SD card from your media device. Note: In certain cell phones, a microSD card is used any may require the removal of the battery to access.
Step 2
Insert the card in your SD card reader. Some computers are already equipped with on-board card readers. For computers that do not have them, USB SD card readers are available at most electronics stores and can be purchased for as little as $9.99.
Step 3
Open up your main media device menu, ("My Computer" in Windows or "Finder" in Mac) and open up the drive that contains your photos. If your SD card is not specifically named, it will simply show up as a lettered drive, (example: "Removable Disk (D:)"). This will display a folder, most commonly named "DCIM", that will contain your digital photos.
Step 4
Select the photos you wish to transfer from your card and move them to your desired location on your hard drive. Once this is completed, you are now free to edit or print your photos.
Tips:
For those who are using a MicroSD card, adapters are available that allow you to insert them into a full sized SD card slot. These adapters are available where most SD cards are sold.
Stuff needed
Computer
SD card reader
Optional:
Printer
Photo editing software
Step 1
Remove the SD card from your media device. Note: In certain cell phones, a microSD card is used any may require the removal of the battery to access.
Step 2
Insert the card in your SD card reader. Some computers are already equipped with on-board card readers. For computers that do not have them, USB SD card readers are available at most electronics stores and can be purchased for as little as $9.99.
Step 3
Open up your main media device menu, ("My Computer" in Windows or "Finder" in Mac) and open up the drive that contains your photos. If your SD card is not specifically named, it will simply show up as a lettered drive, (example: "Removable Disk (D:)"). This will display a folder, most commonly named "DCIM", that will contain your digital photos.
Step 4
Select the photos you wish to transfer from your card and move them to your desired location on your hard drive. Once this is completed, you are now free to edit or print your photos.
Tips:
For those who are using a MicroSD card, adapters are available that allow you to insert them into a full sized SD card slot. These adapters are available where most SD cards are sold.
How to easily clean copper cookware
Copper pots are excellent choices for cookware due to copper's superior powers of conduction. The downside of copper is the unfortunate process of oxidation. This oxidation occurs when copper is exposed to heat, air, and humidity. Being cookware, these are three things that are unavoidable. If the oxidation goes untreated, it will result in the formation of the familiar blue-green colored copper salts known as verdigris. These salts are great for the Statue of Liberty, but do not make for good cookware. Fortunately, there are easy and inexpensive ways to restore your copper cookware to it's former glory.
Stuff needed
Ketchup
1/4 cup white vinegar
2 tablespoons of coarse salt
sponge or dishrag
Step 1
Apply ketchup to heavy marks on the copper cookware and leave it for approximately 10 minutes. Ketchup works due to its natural acidity.
Step 2
Wash the ketchup off thoroughly using hot soapy water.
Step 3
Mix the salt and vinegar together to form a paste and apply it to the copper using a sponge or dishrag.
Step 4
Rub the paste thoroughly into the copper and then rinse off in plenty of hot water.
Tips
If you wish to have bright shiny copper pots, applying a commercial polishing compound. Polishes such as Brasso or Never Dull can bring your pots to a nice even shine.
Warnings
Never use abrasive cloth, steel wool, or scouring pads on your copper cookware. Doing so can compromise the surface of the copper.
Never put your copper cookware in the dishwasher. The chlorine in many detergents can eventually cause pitting and will also cause the copper to oxidize much more rapidly.
Stuff needed
Ketchup
1/4 cup white vinegar
2 tablespoons of coarse salt
sponge or dishrag
Step 1
Apply ketchup to heavy marks on the copper cookware and leave it for approximately 10 minutes. Ketchup works due to its natural acidity.
Step 2
Wash the ketchup off thoroughly using hot soapy water.
Step 3
Mix the salt and vinegar together to form a paste and apply it to the copper using a sponge or dishrag.
Step 4
Rub the paste thoroughly into the copper and then rinse off in plenty of hot water.
Tips
If you wish to have bright shiny copper pots, applying a commercial polishing compound. Polishes such as Brasso or Never Dull can bring your pots to a nice even shine.
Warnings
Never use abrasive cloth, steel wool, or scouring pads on your copper cookware. Doing so can compromise the surface of the copper.
Never put your copper cookware in the dishwasher. The chlorine in many detergents can eventually cause pitting and will also cause the copper to oxidize much more rapidly.
How to replace the blade on a Delta Shopmaster Miter Saw
The Delta ShopMaster Miter Saw is a versatile tabletop tool used for cutting a wide range of materials for a wide range of projects. It utilizes a cross-cut circular saw blade to cut materials at any angle, ranging from a straight 90 degree cut to 47 degrees right and left. It is also capable of bevel cutting from any angle from a 90 degree straight cut to a 45 degree left bevel angle. Here, you will learn how to replace the blade on your ShopMaster Miter saw.
Stuff needed
*not supplied with saw*
Phillips Head Screwdriver
*supplied with saw*
5mm Hex Wrench
1/2 inch blade wrench
Step 1
Unplug the saw. Never attempt to work on the saw when it is still connected to an electrical source.
Step 2
Remove the screw from the left side of the saw guard, above clear plastic cover and rotate the cover to the rear.
Step 3
Insert the hex wrench into the opening on the rear end of the motor shaft located on the right side of the saw. This will prevent the blade from turning in the next step.
Step 4
Place the blade wrench on the arbor screw on the left side of the blade and turn it clockwise.
Step 5
Remove the arbor screw, blade flange, and blade. Use care when removing the blade so you don't injure yourself.
Step 6
Place the new blade on the arbor. Be sure to place it so the teeth are pointing downward.
Step 7
Return the blade flange and arbor screw and tighten the screw. Remove the hex wrench once this is completed.
Step 8
Return the blade cover to it's original position and replace the screw removed in step 2. Failure to do so may result in the blade making contact with the guard. This can result in damage to the saw and potential severe injury to the user when the saw is in operation.
Stuff needed
*not supplied with saw*
Phillips Head Screwdriver
*supplied with saw*
5mm Hex Wrench
1/2 inch blade wrench
Step 1
Unplug the saw. Never attempt to work on the saw when it is still connected to an electrical source.
Step 2
Remove the screw from the left side of the saw guard, above clear plastic cover and rotate the cover to the rear.
Step 3
Insert the hex wrench into the opening on the rear end of the motor shaft located on the right side of the saw. This will prevent the blade from turning in the next step.
Step 4
Place the blade wrench on the arbor screw on the left side of the blade and turn it clockwise.
Step 5
Remove the arbor screw, blade flange, and blade. Use care when removing the blade so you don't injure yourself.
Step 6
Place the new blade on the arbor. Be sure to place it so the teeth are pointing downward.
Step 7
Return the blade flange and arbor screw and tighten the screw. Remove the hex wrench once this is completed.
Step 8
Return the blade cover to it's original position and replace the screw removed in step 2. Failure to do so may result in the blade making contact with the guard. This can result in damage to the saw and potential severe injury to the user when the saw is in operation.
How to convert a file to PDF format
Adobe PDF format is a versatile format that allows you to incorporate a wide range of media and and text into a single file. Word processing programs such as Microsoft Word allow plug-in programs that enable users to save their documents to PDF format, but when that plug-in is not available, a program by the name of PrimoPDF can be a viable alternative. PrimoPDF is a free program that allows you to "print" a file to PDF format by acting as a virtual printer. Using this program, you can "print" any file to PDF format.
Stuff needed
PrimoPDF (link included below)
PC with Windows 98/NT/2000/XP/Vista
Step 1
Download PrimoPDF from the link provided in the resources section and install it to your computer. PrimoPDF is a small file (7.49MB) does not have any significant system requirements to use.
Step 2
Open your file, in this case, your MS Word file, and select the "File" menu in the upper left-hand side of the window.
Step 3
Select the "Print" option. When the print menu appears, select "PrimoPDF" from the drop down printer selection menu and click "OK". After a few moments, the PrimoPDF program menu will appear.
Step 4
Select the individual settings for your document to configure the final output file quality of your PDF file. You can choose from "Screen", "Print", "eBook", "Prepress", or "Custom".
Step 5
Select the location you wish to have your PDF file saved, and click the "Create PDF" button. This will begin the PDF creation process. Once this is complete, your PDF file will be available at the location you provided.
http://www.primopdf.com
Stuff needed
PrimoPDF (link included below)
PC with Windows 98/NT/2000/XP/Vista
Step 1
Download PrimoPDF from the link provided in the resources section and install it to your computer. PrimoPDF is a small file (7.49MB) does not have any significant system requirements to use.
Step 2
Open your file, in this case, your MS Word file, and select the "File" menu in the upper left-hand side of the window.
Step 3
Select the "Print" option. When the print menu appears, select "PrimoPDF" from the drop down printer selection menu and click "OK". After a few moments, the PrimoPDF program menu will appear.
Step 4
Select the individual settings for your document to configure the final output file quality of your PDF file. You can choose from "Screen", "Print", "eBook", "Prepress", or "Custom".
Step 5
Select the location you wish to have your PDF file saved, and click the "Create PDF" button. This will begin the PDF creation process. Once this is complete, your PDF file will be available at the location you provided.
http://www.primopdf.com
How to create an ISO file
An ISO is a virtual image of an optical media disk such as a DVD or CD. By creating an ISO of a CD or DVD, you are able to access all the information on the disk without needing the actual disk. This is useful when creating a digital backup copy of a movie, game, or general data disk. These ISOs can be "mounted" to a virtual disk drive that works just like a physical CD or DVD drive. In order to create an ISO file, you need the software to do it. Here you will learn how to create an ISO file using a program called Magic ISO Maker.
Stuff needed
PC
CD or DVD drive
Magic ISO Maker software
Free hard drive space to store ISO
(Approx. 700 MB for CD or up to 10 GB for DVD)
Step 1
Insert the CD or DVD you wish to copy into your disk drive.
Step 2
Open Magic ISO Maker software.
Step 3
Click on the "Tools" menu and select the "Make ISO from CD/DVD-ROM" option.
Step 4
Select the source disk you wish to copy, enter a name for the output file, and choose "Standard ISO image file(.ISO)" for the output format.
Step 5
Click the "OK" button to begin the process. Depending on the size of the optical media and the speed of your computer, the image creation process can be completed in as little as 5 to 10 minutes.
Stuff needed
PC
CD or DVD drive
Magic ISO Maker software
Free hard drive space to store ISO
(Approx. 700 MB for CD or up to 10 GB for DVD)
Step 1
Insert the CD or DVD you wish to copy into your disk drive.
Step 2
Open Magic ISO Maker software.
Step 3
Click on the "Tools" menu and select the "Make ISO from CD/DVD-ROM" option.
Step 4
Select the source disk you wish to copy, enter a name for the output file, and choose "Standard ISO image file(.ISO)" for the output format.
Step 5
Click the "OK" button to begin the process. Depending on the size of the optical media and the speed of your computer, the image creation process can be completed in as little as 5 to 10 minutes.
Wednesday, July 4, 2012
How To Find Someone Using A Phone Number
Since the beginning of the age of caller ID, we have been able to know who is calling before answering the phone. Unfortunately, knowing a phone number does not always tell us who or where they are. Thankfully, there are ways to find out using something called a reverse number search. There are free searches that will allow you to find a person or business if their landline phone is registered in any phone book. However, if you wish to find someone using a cell phone number, you will probably have to pay to do so.
Stuff needed
Internet access
Step 1
Go to one of the two sites listed below.
Step 2
Enter the phone number with the area code in the box provided and click search. The results displayed will list the name and address connected to that phone number.
Step 3
Click on the name to get more information such as a map or driving directions to the address listed.
Tips
For unlisted numbers and cell phone numbers, a background search service such as intelius.com is the best way to go. For a small fee, you are able to get all current information on the owner of the phone number. This information include name, address, age, and more depending on the type of search.
Stuff needed
Internet access
Step 1
Go to one of the two sites listed below.
Step 2
Enter the phone number with the area code in the box provided and click search. The results displayed will list the name and address connected to that phone number.
Step 3
Click on the name to get more information such as a map or driving directions to the address listed.
Tips
For unlisted numbers and cell phone numbers, a background search service such as intelius.com is the best way to go. For a small fee, you are able to get all current information on the owner of the phone number. This information include name, address, age, and more depending on the type of search.
Styrofoam Packing Peanut Experiments
At one point or another, we have all come in contact with Styrofoam packing peanuts. They fill bags and boxes in our attics and basements, or are thrown out with the weekly trash. Many people don't realize that they can also be used for entertaining experiments to demonstrate scientific concepts to kids. Here you will find two simple experiments that can be done at school or even at home.
stuff needed
Experiment 1:
Styrofoam packing peanuts
Glass jar or beaker
Acetone (nail polish remover)
Experiment 2:
Styrofoam packing peanuts
Piece of wool
Plastic spoon
Vanishing peanuts
Step 1
Pour a small amount of acetone into your glass jar or beaker.
Step 2
Have the kids place the packing peanuts in the jar and watch as they disappear.
Step 3
Have the kids repeat this process, seeing if they can fill the beaker up before running out of peanuts. Because Styrofoam is made primarily of air, a large amount can be dissolved in a relatively small amount of acetone.
Step 4
Allow the remaining acetone to evaporate, revealing the residue from the dissolved Styrofoam. This reveals to the kids that the packing peanuts don't simply disappear, they just change their physical properties.
Floating Peanuts
Step 1
Place some Styrofoam packing peanuts on a table and spread them out.
Step 2
Rub the plastic spoon with your sheet of wool. This causes a static charge to build up in the spoon. You can explain to the children that this effect is caused by a transfer of electrons from the wool to the spoon.
Step 3
Hold the spoon above the packing peanuts. This will cause the negatively charged peanuts to be attracted to the positively charged spoon.
Step 4
Experiment with the spoon and the peanuts and see if you can get the peanuts to float between the table and the spoon.
Step 5
Touch the spoon to some exposed metal and then hold it over the peanuts again. Touching the spoon to metal will discharge the built-up static electricity in the spoon. The peanuts will no longer be attracted to the spoon.
Tips
You can do a variation of vanishing peanuts by using starch packing peanuts and water. Starch peanuts, the environmentally-friendly alternative to Styrofoam peanuts, dissolve in water. You can even put one in your mouth, although the flavor of them is not exactly what one would call pleasant.
Warnings
Always follow the manufacturer's safety instructions when handling acetone. Keep it away from open flames.
stuff needed
Experiment 1:
Styrofoam packing peanuts
Glass jar or beaker
Acetone (nail polish remover)
Experiment 2:
Styrofoam packing peanuts
Piece of wool
Plastic spoon
Vanishing peanuts
Step 1
Pour a small amount of acetone into your glass jar or beaker.
Step 2
Have the kids place the packing peanuts in the jar and watch as they disappear.
Step 3
Have the kids repeat this process, seeing if they can fill the beaker up before running out of peanuts. Because Styrofoam is made primarily of air, a large amount can be dissolved in a relatively small amount of acetone.
Step 4
Allow the remaining acetone to evaporate, revealing the residue from the dissolved Styrofoam. This reveals to the kids that the packing peanuts don't simply disappear, they just change their physical properties.
Floating Peanuts
Step 1
Place some Styrofoam packing peanuts on a table and spread them out.
Step 2
Rub the plastic spoon with your sheet of wool. This causes a static charge to build up in the spoon. You can explain to the children that this effect is caused by a transfer of electrons from the wool to the spoon.
Step 3
Hold the spoon above the packing peanuts. This will cause the negatively charged peanuts to be attracted to the positively charged spoon.
Step 4
Experiment with the spoon and the peanuts and see if you can get the peanuts to float between the table and the spoon.
Step 5
Touch the spoon to some exposed metal and then hold it over the peanuts again. Touching the spoon to metal will discharge the built-up static electricity in the spoon. The peanuts will no longer be attracted to the spoon.
Tips
You can do a variation of vanishing peanuts by using starch packing peanuts and water. Starch peanuts, the environmentally-friendly alternative to Styrofoam peanuts, dissolve in water. You can even put one in your mouth, although the flavor of them is not exactly what one would call pleasant.
Warnings
Always follow the manufacturer's safety instructions when handling acetone. Keep it away from open flames.
How To Replace A Wheel On A Bench Grinder
Bench grinders are useful tools for both shaping and sharpening metal. They are also versatile power tools that offer a wide variety of wheels. Depending on the size and model of the bench grinder, you can purchase grinding wheels of multiple grits, wire wheels, cutting wheels, and polishing wheels. Here you will learn how to change the wheels to best accomplish your project.
Stuff needed
Hex wrench, also known as an Allen wrench
* supplied with bench grinder
Phillips head screwdriver
Adjustable wrench
Torque wrench
Step 1
Unplug your bench grinder.
Step 2
Remove the outer guard by unscrewing the retaining screws.
Step 3
Use the hex wrench to loosen the tool rest, then pull the tool rest out beyond the grinding wheel.
Step 4
Use the adjustable wrench to remove the nut holding the grinding wheel in place. You may need to hold the opposite disk to prevent the axle from spinning. If this is the case, it is recommended that you wear some work gloves.
Step 5
Remove the washer and pull the wheel from the axle.
Step 6
Place your new wheel on the axle and return the washer to it's original position.
Step 7
Return the nut to the axle and tighten it to the torque specified in your bench grinder manual.
Step 8
Return the tool rest to the operational position and tighten the hex bolt.
Step 9
Return the outer guard to the frame and tighten the screws.
Tips
Always make sure that the replacement wheel is the proper size and speed rating for your bench grinder.
Check your manual to find the proper ratings, torque settings, and tools required for maintenance. These can vary from model to model and manufacturer to manufacturer.
Always wear safety glasses when using a bench grinder.
Warnings
Never exceed the recommended torque when tightening the bolt securing the wheel. Doing so may result in damage to the wheel which could cause the wheel to come apart during normal operation.
Stuff needed
Hex wrench, also known as an Allen wrench
* supplied with bench grinder
Phillips head screwdriver
Adjustable wrench
Torque wrench
Step 1
Unplug your bench grinder.
Step 2
Remove the outer guard by unscrewing the retaining screws.
Step 3
Use the hex wrench to loosen the tool rest, then pull the tool rest out beyond the grinding wheel.
Step 4
Use the adjustable wrench to remove the nut holding the grinding wheel in place. You may need to hold the opposite disk to prevent the axle from spinning. If this is the case, it is recommended that you wear some work gloves.
Step 5
Remove the washer and pull the wheel from the axle.
Step 6
Place your new wheel on the axle and return the washer to it's original position.
Step 7
Return the nut to the axle and tighten it to the torque specified in your bench grinder manual.
Step 8
Return the tool rest to the operational position and tighten the hex bolt.
Step 9
Return the outer guard to the frame and tighten the screws.
Tips
Always make sure that the replacement wheel is the proper size and speed rating for your bench grinder.
Check your manual to find the proper ratings, torque settings, and tools required for maintenance. These can vary from model to model and manufacturer to manufacturer.
Always wear safety glasses when using a bench grinder.
Warnings
Never exceed the recommended torque when tightening the bolt securing the wheel. Doing so may result in damage to the wheel which could cause the wheel to come apart during normal operation.
How To Use DAEMON Tools
DAEMON Tools is a small but very versatile DVD/CD emulation program. DAEMON Tools allows the user to create virtual disk drives which allow them to "mount" a CD or DVD image. Images are virtual CD/DVD files that act as software back-up of a physical DVD or CD. Here you will learn a basic guide for DAEMON Tools.
Stuff needed
PC
DAEMON Tools
CD/DVD Image file
Adding a virtual CD/DVD drive
Step 1
Move your mouse to the system tray and right-click on the DAEMON Tools Icon.
Step 2
Move your mouse over the "Virtual CD/DVD-ROM" menu. This will automatically open the next menu.
Step 3
Move your mouse over the "set number of devices" menu.
Step 4
Select the number of virtual devices you wish to use.
Section 2
Mounting and running the image
Step 1
Right-click the DAEMON Tools icon in the system tray.
Step 2
Move your mouse over the "Virtual CD/DVD-ROM" menu, select the virtual drive you wish to use and select "Mount Image"
Step 3
Select The CD/DVD image you wish to mount from it's current location. Once the file is mounted, the autostart feature should automatically run the image as if it were a CD/DVD.
If you wish to explore the virtual disc, proceed to step 4.
Step 4
Double-click the "My Computer" icon and right-click the virtual drive containing the image you mounted.
Step 5
Select "Explore" from the menu. This will bring up all of the files in the virtual disc.
Stuff needed
PC
DAEMON Tools
CD/DVD Image file
Adding a virtual CD/DVD drive
Step 1
Move your mouse to the system tray and right-click on the DAEMON Tools Icon.
Step 2
Move your mouse over the "Virtual CD/DVD-ROM" menu. This will automatically open the next menu.
Step 3
Move your mouse over the "set number of devices" menu.
Step 4
Select the number of virtual devices you wish to use.
Section 2
Mounting and running the image
Step 1
Right-click the DAEMON Tools icon in the system tray.
Step 2
Move your mouse over the "Virtual CD/DVD-ROM" menu, select the virtual drive you wish to use and select "Mount Image"
Step 3
Select The CD/DVD image you wish to mount from it's current location. Once the file is mounted, the autostart feature should automatically run the image as if it were a CD/DVD.
If you wish to explore the virtual disc, proceed to step 4.
Step 4
Double-click the "My Computer" icon and right-click the virtual drive containing the image you mounted.
Step 5
Select "Explore" from the menu. This will bring up all of the files in the virtual disc.
How To Make A Flash Video
Flash video is the standard video format for many online video sites. Sites such as Youtube use Flash video due to it's versatility and relatively small file size. If you wish to post your own videos online, you will most likely have to do so using Flash video. In order to do that, you must take your existing video and convert it. Here, you will learn how to make your own Flash videos using a video conversion program known as Wondershare Video Converter Platinum.
Stuff needed
Wondershare Video Converter Platinum
* link provided below
Video files
Step 1.
Open Wondershare Video Converter Platinum.
Step 2.
Select the "add" button and select the video file you wish to convert from it's current location.
Step 3.
Open the "Profile:" menu and select "Youtube Video (*.flv)" from the "Picture and Animation" sub-menu.
Step 4
Select the "Settings" button to adjust the individual format settings.
Step 5.
Press the "Start" button to begin the video conversion. The time it takes to convert the video depends on the size of the source video and the conversion settings you selected.
http://www.wondershare.com/video-dvd-software/video-converter.html
Stuff needed
Wondershare Video Converter Platinum
* link provided below
Video files
Step 1.
Open Wondershare Video Converter Platinum.
Step 2.
Select the "add" button and select the video file you wish to convert from it's current location.
Step 3.
Open the "Profile:" menu and select "Youtube Video (*.flv)" from the "Picture and Animation" sub-menu.
Step 4
Select the "Settings" button to adjust the individual format settings.
Step 5.
Press the "Start" button to begin the video conversion. The time it takes to convert the video depends on the size of the source video and the conversion settings you selected.
http://www.wondershare.com/video-dvd-software/video-converter.html
How To Make Paper Snowflakes
Making your own paper snowflakes is a festive little craft project for the winter season. They can be made in a variety of sizes to create a diverse winter display. Patterns for paper snowflakes are available in craft books as well as online, but in order to fully appreciate them, they should be like real snowflakes, with no two being exactly alike.
Stuff needed:
Paper squares of varying size
Scissors
Step 1.
Fold your pieces of paper diagonally to form a triangle.
Step 2.
Fold the paper once more to make a smaller triangle.
Step 3.
Fold the paper once again to make an even smaller triangle.
Step 4.
Use the scissors to cut various shapes on each of the three sides of the triangle.
Step 5.
Slowly unfold the paper, being careful not to tear it, to reveal your unique paper snowflake.
Stuff needed:
Paper squares of varying size
Scissors
Step 1.
Fold your pieces of paper diagonally to form a triangle.
Step 2.
Fold the paper once more to make a smaller triangle.
Step 3.
Fold the paper once again to make an even smaller triangle.
Step 4.
Use the scissors to cut various shapes on each of the three sides of the triangle.
Step 5.
Slowly unfold the paper, being careful not to tear it, to reveal your unique paper snowflake.
How To Start A Rubber Band Ball
Rubber bands make their way to us in a variety of ways. Once they reach us, many of them end up in drawers or stuffed in small boxes and zipper bags in a cupboard. For some, however, rubber bands end up being used for a higher purpose. The rubber band ball starts small but can grow to epic proportions. Here is a few tips on how to start one of your own.
Stuff needed:
Rubber bands
Paper (optional)
Step 1
Lay out all of the rubber bands you have and weed out any damaged or dried-out rubber bands.
Step 2
Tie a rubber band into a few knots. This will be the core of your ball. If you wish to get a head start, you can make the core by rolling up a small ball of paper.
Step 3
Wrap a rubber band around the core, twisting it and looping it until the rubber band is tight.
Step 4
Continue to wrap rubber bands around the core until it begins to look like a ball. It may not look like a perfect sphere until it reaches the approximate size of a ping pong ball. From there, continue to add rubber bands until you reach the desired size.
Stuff needed:
Rubber bands
Paper (optional)
Step 1
Lay out all of the rubber bands you have and weed out any damaged or dried-out rubber bands.
Step 2
Tie a rubber band into a few knots. This will be the core of your ball. If you wish to get a head start, you can make the core by rolling up a small ball of paper.
Step 3
Wrap a rubber band around the core, twisting it and looping it until the rubber band is tight.
Step 4
Continue to wrap rubber bands around the core until it begins to look like a ball. It may not look like a perfect sphere until it reaches the approximate size of a ping pong ball. From there, continue to add rubber bands until you reach the desired size.
How To Calculate A Golf Handicap
Contrary to what some golfers may think, a handicap is not calculated by subtracting just enough points to claim the win against your golf buddies. Neither is deducting unused mulligans from your score. To accurately calculate your USGA handicap, a series of mathematic calculations are needed. These calculations are outlined here, but for a more in-depth look, consult the USGA Handicap Manual. A link is provided below.
Step 1
Play five full rounds of golf (18 holes) or collect the scores from your last five full rounds.
Step 2
Find the rating and slope for each course you played during the five rounds. Ratings and slopes are issued by the USGA ( United States Golf Association). Not all golf courses are USGA rated.
*Note: The formulas here only apply on USGA rated courses. This process will not work on unrated courses. Consult the clubhouse to see if the golf course is rated.
Step 3
Subtract the golf course's rating from your scores at each course.
Step 4
Multiply each of the five resulting numbers from step 3 by 113. The USGA has determined that 113 is the general slope rating of member golf courses with an average difficulty.
Step 5
Divide each of the five numbers you have after step 4 by the slope ratings of the corresponding course. This is known as the course differential.
Step 6
Take the lowest of the five numbers and multiply it by 0.96, (zero point 96). Your golf handicap is the resulting number rounded to the nearest 10th.
Tips
Many USGA rated courses have golf handicap committees who will calculate your handicap for you. There are also various calculators available to make finding out your handicap a little easier.
http://www.usga.org/Rule-Books/Handicap-System-Manual/Handicap-Manual/
Step 1
Play five full rounds of golf (18 holes) or collect the scores from your last five full rounds.
Step 2
Find the rating and slope for each course you played during the five rounds. Ratings and slopes are issued by the USGA ( United States Golf Association). Not all golf courses are USGA rated.
*Note: The formulas here only apply on USGA rated courses. This process will not work on unrated courses. Consult the clubhouse to see if the golf course is rated.
Step 3
Subtract the golf course's rating from your scores at each course.
Step 4
Multiply each of the five resulting numbers from step 3 by 113. The USGA has determined that 113 is the general slope rating of member golf courses with an average difficulty.
Step 5
Divide each of the five numbers you have after step 4 by the slope ratings of the corresponding course. This is known as the course differential.
Step 6
Take the lowest of the five numbers and multiply it by 0.96, (zero point 96). Your golf handicap is the resulting number rounded to the nearest 10th.
Tips
Many USGA rated courses have golf handicap committees who will calculate your handicap for you. There are also various calculators available to make finding out your handicap a little easier.
http://www.usga.org/Rule-Books/Handicap-System-Manual/Handicap-Manual/
How To Drill Sea Glass
Sea glass is ordinary man-made glass that has been left to the elements. Over a long period of time, the once jagged glass shards are rolled in the sand over and over until they become the smooth frosted stones we see on beaches. These sea glass stones make for very colorful jewelry you can make yourself, but in order to do that, you may have to drill a hole to attach them. Here you can find how to do this at home.
stuff needed:
Sea glass
Safety glasses
Small tray
Water
Permanent marker
Drill or Dremel Tool (cordless if possible)
1mm ball tipped diamond drill bit
Step 1.
Make a dot on both the front and the back of the sea glass where you want to drill the hole.
Step 2
Place the sea glass in the small tray and add just enough water to cover it. The purpose of the water is to act as both a lubricant and a coolant for the drill bit.
Step 3
Put the safety glasses on and carefully drill approximately halfway though the sea glass and then turn it over and drill the rest from the other side. This is done to reduce chipping and to make a smoother hole in the glass.
Step 4
Remove the sea glass from the tray and rinse if off to remove any remaining glass "dust".
Tips:
Drill in short bursts to reduce the chances of the glass getting hung up on the bit and spinning.
Warning:
Always be careful when using electric tools near water. Whenever possible use cordless tools to reduce the risks of electric shock.
stuff needed:
Sea glass
Safety glasses
Small tray
Water
Permanent marker
Drill or Dremel Tool (cordless if possible)
1mm ball tipped diamond drill bit
Step 1.
Make a dot on both the front and the back of the sea glass where you want to drill the hole.
Step 2
Place the sea glass in the small tray and add just enough water to cover it. The purpose of the water is to act as both a lubricant and a coolant for the drill bit.
Step 3
Put the safety glasses on and carefully drill approximately halfway though the sea glass and then turn it over and drill the rest from the other side. This is done to reduce chipping and to make a smoother hole in the glass.
Step 4
Remove the sea glass from the tray and rinse if off to remove any remaining glass "dust".
Tips:
Drill in short bursts to reduce the chances of the glass getting hung up on the bit and spinning.
Warning:
Always be careful when using electric tools near water. Whenever possible use cordless tools to reduce the risks of electric shock.
How Can I Change My Address
You have decided to move to a new house or apartment. Everything is moved into your new place and the only thing left to do is let everyone else know where you are. Changing your address used to be a long drawn out process involving countless stacks of paperwork, but now, thanks to the internet, you can do most of the work online. For further convenience, a link is supplied at the bottom of this page for USA.gov. The webpage contains links to most of the sites you can use to complete your address change.
The first thing you need to change is your postal address. This can be done online at the US Postal Service homepage. From the US Postal Service movers guide page, you can select the type of move, the date you wish to begin forwarding your mail, your new address, and catalog forwarding. Assistance is provided via a link at the bottom of the movers guide page. To assist you even further, the Postal Service offers instant access to over $500 in valuable coupons to help save you money during your move.
Your next step is to change your driver's license and vehicle registration information. This process can be started by clicking on the second link of the USA.gov site. From there, you can select your state and then follow the instructions listed on the state page. The process can vary from state to state as some require you to register with the Secretary of State's office while other states have a Department of Motor Vehicles. In some states, you can also register to vote in your new locality while completing your driver's license changes.
Also included at the USA.gov site is a PDF file of IRS form 8822. This is the IRS official change of address form. Instructions for filling out this form are included with the PDF file. This form is necessary for updating all of your tax return information as well as inclusion of a new spouse. The form must be mailed to the IRS and will take an average of 4 to 6 weeks for the IRS to process your change of address information.
USA.gov also contains links for more specialized situations such as address changes for non-US citizens, veterans who a receiving benefits, Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients, and social security recipients. Each link provides easy-to-follow instructions so you can make your transition as easy as possible.
Finally, you need to remember to notify any agencies not covered in the online listings on USA.gov. If you are receiving payments from any other agencies or individuals, it is best to notify them as soon as possible. Banks and other financial institutions, the phone company, and other individuals and businesses can be notified individually or by going to your local post office and filling out a PS Form 3576 card. This is offered as part of a kit to notify others of your move.
The first thing you need to change is your postal address. This can be done online at the US Postal Service homepage. From the US Postal Service movers guide page, you can select the type of move, the date you wish to begin forwarding your mail, your new address, and catalog forwarding. Assistance is provided via a link at the bottom of the movers guide page. To assist you even further, the Postal Service offers instant access to over $500 in valuable coupons to help save you money during your move.
Your next step is to change your driver's license and vehicle registration information. This process can be started by clicking on the second link of the USA.gov site. From there, you can select your state and then follow the instructions listed on the state page. The process can vary from state to state as some require you to register with the Secretary of State's office while other states have a Department of Motor Vehicles. In some states, you can also register to vote in your new locality while completing your driver's license changes.
Also included at the USA.gov site is a PDF file of IRS form 8822. This is the IRS official change of address form. Instructions for filling out this form are included with the PDF file. This form is necessary for updating all of your tax return information as well as inclusion of a new spouse. The form must be mailed to the IRS and will take an average of 4 to 6 weeks for the IRS to process your change of address information.
USA.gov also contains links for more specialized situations such as address changes for non-US citizens, veterans who a receiving benefits, Supplemental Security Income (SSI) recipients, and social security recipients. Each link provides easy-to-follow instructions so you can make your transition as easy as possible.
Finally, you need to remember to notify any agencies not covered in the online listings on USA.gov. If you are receiving payments from any other agencies or individuals, it is best to notify them as soon as possible. Banks and other financial institutions, the phone company, and other individuals and businesses can be notified individually or by going to your local post office and filling out a PS Form 3576 card. This is offered as part of a kit to notify others of your move.
How Can I Stop a Puppy From Biting
Anyone who has ever owned a puppy knows that puppies bite. Puppies bite for some of the same reasons that human babies place anything and everything in their mouths. It's how they learn about the world around them. It may seem cute when the puppy is teething on your toes or fingertips when it is still only a few weeks old, but if the biting is not addressed at a young age it may become a potentially serious problem as the puppy gets older.
Most puppies learn when not to bite from their littermates and their mother. If a puppy is playing too rough with a littermate and ends up biting them, the littermate will yelp. All play stops when a yelp is heard. If a puppy decides to bite it's mother, it will be disciplined immediately. According to Dr. Ed Bailey, a well-known animal behavior expert, it is best to keep a puppy with it's littermates and mother until it reaches at least 10 weeks of age. Fears begin to develop in the puppy during the period between 7 and 9 weeks of age. This period is the worst time to separate a puppy from everything and everyone it has known from birth. Once a puppy reaches 10 weeks old and beyond, it can adapt to new situations, surroundings, and sounds more easily.
If you got your puppy before it reached 10 weeks of age or you got it after 10 weeks and it still likes to nibble and gnaw on you, the first thing you can do is take a cue from the puppy's littermates. If your puppy bites you, letting out a puppy-like yelp. This communicates to the puppy that what it just did has caused you pain and will teach the puppy that humans are too delicate to bite.
Another technique is to stand up and walk away from the puppy when it bites you. Puppies crave attention and when you suddenly withdraw all of your attention from the puppy after a bite or nibble, it begins to learn that it did something wrong. After the puppy calms down, you can return attention to it.
Chew toys are a good technique as well. If a puppy bites or chews on you, redirecting that teething urge to a chew toy can give them something to focus on and release all of the biting and chewing energy they have. To assist in directing a puppy to a chew toy, you can offer it to them when they start to nip or chew and then pet them and scratch their belly once they begin chewing on they toy. This lets your puppy know that it is allowed to chew on that particular item and will direct further biting and chewing toward the permitted chew toys.
Finally, it is a good idea to socialize your puppy. The more people and places it experiences, the less chance there will be that it may bite out of fear or anxiety.
Most puppies learn when not to bite from their littermates and their mother. If a puppy is playing too rough with a littermate and ends up biting them, the littermate will yelp. All play stops when a yelp is heard. If a puppy decides to bite it's mother, it will be disciplined immediately. According to Dr. Ed Bailey, a well-known animal behavior expert, it is best to keep a puppy with it's littermates and mother until it reaches at least 10 weeks of age. Fears begin to develop in the puppy during the period between 7 and 9 weeks of age. This period is the worst time to separate a puppy from everything and everyone it has known from birth. Once a puppy reaches 10 weeks old and beyond, it can adapt to new situations, surroundings, and sounds more easily.
If you got your puppy before it reached 10 weeks of age or you got it after 10 weeks and it still likes to nibble and gnaw on you, the first thing you can do is take a cue from the puppy's littermates. If your puppy bites you, letting out a puppy-like yelp. This communicates to the puppy that what it just did has caused you pain and will teach the puppy that humans are too delicate to bite.
Another technique is to stand up and walk away from the puppy when it bites you. Puppies crave attention and when you suddenly withdraw all of your attention from the puppy after a bite or nibble, it begins to learn that it did something wrong. After the puppy calms down, you can return attention to it.
Chew toys are a good technique as well. If a puppy bites or chews on you, redirecting that teething urge to a chew toy can give them something to focus on and release all of the biting and chewing energy they have. To assist in directing a puppy to a chew toy, you can offer it to them when they start to nip or chew and then pet them and scratch their belly once they begin chewing on they toy. This lets your puppy know that it is allowed to chew on that particular item and will direct further biting and chewing toward the permitted chew toys.
Finally, it is a good idea to socialize your puppy. The more people and places it experiences, the less chance there will be that it may bite out of fear or anxiety.
How To Make An Igloo Out Of Sugar Cubes
Building a sugar cube igloo is a great project for kids of all ages. It is an easy and inexpensive idea that is great for a Christmas party, birthday party, or just a rainy day. Not only is a sugar cube igloo fun to build, it is also a educational. In the process of building the igloo, kids learn about structures and construction.
Stuff needed:
Cardboard
pencil
Sugar Cubes
vanilla frosting
Step 1.
Draw a circle on the cardboard to use as a guide for the first level of sugar cubes. A 7 inch diameter is a good size for the foundation.
Step 2.
Arrange the sugar cubes around the circle, leaving a gap of at least 2 sugar cubes for the doorway to the igloo.
Step 3.
Apply some frosting to the bottom of the next layer of sugar cubes and place them slightly closer to the center of the circle. The cubes should be staggered, with each cube in the next layer centered over the two cubes of the previous layer.
Step 4
Repeat step 3, making each additional circle smaller than the previous one until the roof of the igloo is fully formed. Continue to leave a gap for the doorway until you reach the 4th level of sugar cubes.
Step 5
Build the archway for the door of the igloo. The archway should be 2 sugar cubes deep.
Tips:
Once your igloo is complete, you can decorate it with sugar or coconut to simulate snow. You can also add animals or toy trees to make a winter scene.
Stuff needed:
Cardboard
pencil
Sugar Cubes
vanilla frosting
Step 1.
Draw a circle on the cardboard to use as a guide for the first level of sugar cubes. A 7 inch diameter is a good size for the foundation.
Step 2.
Arrange the sugar cubes around the circle, leaving a gap of at least 2 sugar cubes for the doorway to the igloo.
Step 3.
Apply some frosting to the bottom of the next layer of sugar cubes and place them slightly closer to the center of the circle. The cubes should be staggered, with each cube in the next layer centered over the two cubes of the previous layer.
Step 4
Repeat step 3, making each additional circle smaller than the previous one until the roof of the igloo is fully formed. Continue to leave a gap for the doorway until you reach the 4th level of sugar cubes.
Step 5
Build the archway for the door of the igloo. The archway should be 2 sugar cubes deep.
Tips:
Once your igloo is complete, you can decorate it with sugar or coconut to simulate snow. You can also add animals or toy trees to make a winter scene.
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